Changes for page 1. Socio-Cognitive Support for PwD

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1		-**First sketch**
	1	+== **//Background//** ==
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3		-People with dementia have reported to feel dependent on the people in their surroundings. This is expressed through the repetitive need to ask for information about relatives after memories have faded. Overreliance on relatives can lead to the person with dementia feeling like a burden. This can in turn lead to separation from relatives and loneliness.
4		-According to the self-determination theory a person needs autonomy and connectedness (and competence) in order to "foster the most volitional and high quality forms of motivation and engagement for activities, including enhanced performance, persistence, and creativity." ([[https:~~/~~/selfdeterminationtheory.org/theory/>>https://selfdeterminationtheory.org/theory/]]). This means, in order to motivate the pwd to participate in the usual activities of their 'pre-dementia' lives, and to engage with their relatives, we must promote these three factors.
	3	+A person with dementia, further called the subject in accordance with our ontology, generally forgets information about their relatives and other close persons in their environment. It has been reported that a subject can feel anxious when querying their relatives for information and have a sense of overreliance on those around them (1)(2) .
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6		-Important values in this case can be derived from the Basic Human Values (schwartz), and include achievement and security.
	5	+(1) [[https:~~/~~/karger.com/dem/article/42/5-6/342/98881/The-Experience-of-Relations-in-Persons-with>>https://karger.com/dem/article/42/5-6/342/98881/The-Experience-of-Relations-in-Persons-with]]
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	7	+(2) "Some people with dementia desired to maintain positive meaningful relationships by receiving support and love from their family, and by being respected for their remaining abilities, their autonomy, and their continued usefulness" Perspectives of People with Dementia About Meaningful Activities: A Synthesis
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	9	+The subject expresses this reliance through the repetitive need need to ask for information about others in their environment. This burden, as perceived by the subject themselves, can lead to feelings of disconnectedness, separation, and loneliness.
	10	+According to the self-determination theory a subject benefits from autonomy, connectedness, and competence in order to improve their motivation for engagement with activities (3). (4) expanded on the connectedness and determined that connectedness is to self, to others, and the environment is important for participating in activities. In others words, in order for the subject to actively maintain relationships and engage with their relatives through social contact, the three named factors must be stimulated.
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	12	+(3) //Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American psychologist, 55(1), 68.//
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	14	+(4) Areum Han, Jeff Radel, Joan M. McDowd, Dory Sabata (2016). Perspectives of People with Dementia
	15	+About Meaningful Activities: A Synthesis
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	17	+== **//Socio-Cognitive Support//** ==
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	19	+The task of increasing autonomy in a subject can consist of remembering information about relatives without having to prompt the relatives in question. According to Vygotsky (6) interacting with another entity through knowledge exchange contributes to knowledge creation. So in order to realize this task we develop the NAO with the functionality of a personal encyclopedia, containing information on relatives and other loved ones. The subject is then able to consult this encyclopedia verbally.
	20	+This solution requires at least some retention of information, and as the cognition of the subject depends on the progression of the dementia (5), it will be limited to those with early-stage dementia.
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	22	+(5) (//Week 3.1b -PwDcognitonMusic_Schaefer2023, slide 4//)
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	24	+(6) //Vygotsky’s (1896–1934) theory (“an inherent social nature of learning”)//
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	26	+The values related to this can be found in Schwartz. These values include Self-direction, in the sense that it gives them more freedom, but also security, in the sense that they still recognize and belong to the social order they are used to.
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	28	+It is important to consider the balance between important truthful information and upsetting information; Too much (irrelevant) information might upset the pwd. Supported by the Zones of Proximal Development (source?), a person has a range in which content difficulty and skill level have the right proportions to learn. Extending this to dementia patients: The information difficulty and the dementia progression are symmetrically (negatively) correlated.
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10	10	**Questions to answer here: **
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12	12	* " What tasks and/or values is the human trying to accomplish and how can the technology support the human in doing so? "- xwiki
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18	18	With dementia is has been reported that the subject feels like they're a burden on their loved ones. When they constantly have to ask for information they feel dependent. This isolates them and makes them feel lonely. We can help this in the early stages of dementia by providing a personal encyclopedia.
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21	21	**Useful theories/design patterns:**
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23	23	* We have to make sure to define 'early' stage well.
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32	32	[[image:1709192513768-157.png||height="185" width="197"]]
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34		-
35	35	**Other possibly useful resources:**
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37	37	* Areum Han, Jeff Radel, Joan M. McDowd, Dory Sabata (2016). Perspectives of People with Dementia