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Last modified by William OGrady on 2024/04/08 16:30
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edited by Rixt Hellinga
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edited by Rixt Hellinga
on 2024/02/29 08:39
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1 -== **//Background//** ==
1 +How is the subject supported by the robot?
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3 -A person with dementia, further called the subject in accordance with our ontology, generally forgets information about their relatives and other close persons in their environment. It has been reported that a subject can feel anxious when querying their relatives for information and have a sense of overreliance on those around them (1)(2) .
3 +- With dementia is has been reported that the subject feels like they're a burden on their loved ones. When they constantly have to ask for information they feel
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5 -(1) [[https:~~/~~/karger.com/dem/article/42/5-6/342/98881/The-Experience-of-Relations-in-Persons-with>>https://karger.com/dem/article/42/5-6/342/98881/The-Experience-of-Relations-in-Persons-with]]
5 +Which design patterns and theories support this idea?
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7 -(2) "Some people with dementia desired to maintain positive meaningful relationships by receiving support and love from their family, and by being respected for their remaining abilities, their autonomy, and their continued usefulness" Perspectives of People with Dementia About Meaningful Activities: A Synthesis
7 +See the literature section on brightspace
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9 -The subject expresses this reliance through the repetitive need need to ask for information about others in their environment. This burden, as perceived by the subject themselves, can lead to feelings of disconnectedness, separation, and loneliness.
10 -According to the self-determination theory a subject benefits from autonomy, connectedness, and competence in order to improve their motivation for engagement with activities (3). (4) expanded on the connectedness and determined that connectedness is to self, to others, and the environment is important for participating in activities. In others words, in order for the subject to actively maintain relationships and engage with their relatives through social contact, the three named factors must be stimulated.
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12 -(3) //Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American psychologist, 55(1), 68.//
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14 -(4) Areum Han, Jeff Radel, Joan M. McDowd, Dory Sabata (2016). Perspectives of People with Dementia
15 -About Meaningful Activities: A Synthesis
11 +Cognition: highly dependent on stage of dementia! source Week 3.1b -PwDcognitonMusic_Schaefer2023 slide 4
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17 -== **//Socio-Cognitive Support//** ==
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19 -The task of increasing autonomy in a subject can consist of remembering information about relatives without having to prompt the relatives in question. According to Vygotsky (6) interacting with another entity through knowledge exchange contributes to knowledge creation. So in order to realize this task we develop the NAO with the functionality of a personal encyclopedia, containing information on relatives and other loved ones. The subject is then able to consult this encyclopedia verbally.
20 -This solution requires at least some retention of information, and as the cognition of the subject depends on the progression of the dementia (5), it will be limited to those with early-stage dementia.
14 +We can use the following as a design pattern?
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22 -(5) (//Week 3.1b -PwDcognitonMusic_Schaefer2023, slide 4//)
16 +Basic Human Values Schwartz, S. H. (2012). An overview of the Schwartz theory of basic values. Online readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(1), 11.
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24 -(6) //Vygotsky’s (1896–1934) theory (“an inherent social nature of learning”)//
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26 -There are some important values to be considered in the development of the above solution. From the basic human values given by Schwartz (7), we can for example take self-direction, as a subject might want to experience more (intellectual/emotional) freedom, but also security, as the subject wants to remain in the social order they are used to.
27 -Another principal value is the balance between complete information given by the encyclopedia and the emotional response, both positive and negative, the given information elicits. The Zones of Proximal Development (ZPD) (8), can be extended to provide a guide in establishing this balance.
19 +Autonomy is part of the self-determination theory.
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29 -[[image:1709192513768-157.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="end" height="185" width="197"]]
21 +Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American psychologist, 55(1), 68.
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31 -As shown, the ZPD gives a ratio between skill level and content difficulty in which a child can learn from information. If we extend this to a subject with dementia, we could similarly compare mental state and information completeness. I.e. there is a range of acceptable information to provide to the subject, given their mental state (eg. dementia progression, emotion level).
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34 -(7) //Basic Human Values Schwartz, S. H. (2012). An overview of the Schwartz theory of basic values. Online readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(1), 11.//
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36 -//(//8) ZPD source
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