Changes for page 3. Evaluation Methods

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1		-== Overview ==
	1	+To ground the design rationale in practice, the prototype of the NAO for the PwD will be evaluated in a formative evaluation with the PwD and their caregivers. The evaluation will investigate the process of how interaction with the NAO can alleviate potential symptoms caused by early-stage dementia in PwD.  Three methods of evaluation will be applied to have reliable and accurate results, as Bethel. et al (2020)[1] suggests.
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3		-To ground the design rationale in practice, the prototype of the NAO for the PwD will be evaluated in a formative evaluation with the PwD and their caregivers. The evaluation will investigate the process of how interaction with the NAO can alleviate potential symptoms caused by early-stage dementia in PwDs. Three methods of evaluation will be applied to have reliable and accurate results, as Bethel. et al (2020)[1] suggests.
	3	+The study will focus on the prototype's potential effects, which are based on the desired value of autonomy as a part of self-direction. Before the study, possible confounding variables need to be examined such as the PwD's attitude towards robots and the** relatedness** and **competence**.
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5		-The study will focus on the prototype's potential effects, which are based on the desired value of autonomy as a part of self-direction. Before the study, possible confounding variables need to be examined, such as the PwD's attitude towards robots. This is done through our pre- and post-study evaluation.
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9	9	== Study Design Variables ==
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11	11	The study will hypothesize on the following variables with regards to the system:
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13	13	1. **Relatedness. **Does the design positively affect the PwD's //affective //state?
14		-11. **Affect**. How do participants feel about using the NAO in this state?
15		-11. **Attitude towards Technology**. What do people think about using technology? Are they biased towards the NAO before the study?
	13	+11. **Affect**. How do participants feel about using the robot in this state?
	14	+11. **Attitude towards Technology**. How do people think about using technology? Are they biased towards the robot before the study?
16	16	1. **Competence. **Is the design //competent//; is the design capable enough for the PwD to rely on it?
17	17	11. **Memory self-efficacy **(pre-study) How good are participants at remembering information?
18		-11. **Memory recall **(post-study) Can the participant accurately retrieve information through the NAO?
	17	+11. **Memory recall **(post-study) Can the participant accurately retrieve information through the robot?
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20	20	For a sample size as small as 20 participants, it is most adequate to apply a within-subjects design (they require fewer participants) [1]. That means there is an approach where every PwD is experiencing all of the conditions examined. A within-subjects design might be prone to confounds such as pre-existing notions in the environment. That is why the attitude towards robots and the pre-study sense of affect and autonomy should be examined and evaluated as such.
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25	25	== Surveys ==
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27		-Affect will be measured by the Self-Assessment Manikin [2] that takes less than a minute. It will be used for both pre-experiment and post-experiment evaluation. For Attitude towards robots, we build upon the works of [reference] and create a set of two 1-minute questions. A well-suited tool for Memory self-efficacy is the mini-mental state examination [3]. We adopt it to fit to the ecological validity and domain of interest in our study.
	26	+Affect will be measured by the Self-Assessment Manikin [2] that takes less than a minute. It will be used for both pre-experiment and post-experiment evaluation.
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	28	+For Attitude towards robots, we build upon the works of [reference] and create a set of two 1-minute questions.
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	30	+A well-suited tool for Memory self-efficacy is the mini-mental state examination [3]. We adopt it to fit to the ecological validity and domain of interest in our study.
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30	30	== References ==
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32	32	[1] Bethel, C.L., Henkel, Z., Baugus, K. (2020). Conducting Studies in Human-Robot Interaction. In: Jost, C., //et al.// Human-Robot Interaction. Springer Series on Bio- and Neurosystems, vol 12. Springer, Cham. [[https:~~/~~/doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42307-0_4>>https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42307-0_4]]