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1 -The issue at hand, as discussed in previous chapters, requires a combination of human and robot solutions. To design and develop such a solution we can use the Socio-Cognitive Engineering (SCE) method. SCE provides a clear structure, consisting of a foundation, specification, and evaluation. It allows us to take into account stakeholders and their values, and create claims through functions, effects, and use cases. The incremental and iterative process taken in the SCE method combines human factors and related technology to form re-usable solutions.
1 +//What is Socio-Cognitive Engineering//
2 2  
3 -Generally, technology does not work in isolation [1]. In the context of our problem, the robot's environment, knowledge, and goals are intertwined with that of the human. SCE allows us to combine the human and technological aspects or our problem. According to [2] it is important to map the underlying motivation of parties in order to understand which activities they would be drawn to. Each of the involved parties (the robot, the subject, the guardian) can be modeled through the SCE method. Through methods such as user stories and value stories we can create a well-rounded description of a stakeholder and their goals. The difference in for example environments, abilities, and goals are easy to map out through SCE.
3 +The issue at hand, as discussed in previous chapters, requires a combination of human and robot solutions. To design and develop such a solution we can use the Socio-Cognitive Engineering (SCE) method. SCE is a framework that among other things promotes human collaboration and learning with technology-based systems [3]. It provides a clear structure, consisting of a foundation, specification, and evaluation. It allows us to take into account stakeholders and their values, and create claims through functions, effects, and use cases. The incremental and iterative process taken in the SCE method combines human factors and related technology to form re-usable solutions.
4 4  
5 +//Why do we need SCE//
5 5  
6 -**Questions to answer here:**
7 +Generally, technology does not work in isolation [1]. In the context of our problem, the robot's environment, knowledge, and goals are intertwined with that of the human. SCE allows us to combine the human and technological aspects or our problem. Within different fields of studies we can find relevant philosophies and approaches applicable to our problem.
8 +The field of User-Centered Design tells us that a stakeholder analysis is a significant part of designing solutions. It is important to map the underlying motivation and values of parties in order to understand which activities they would be drawn to. This also goes for the context of this reseach, as done by Han A [2]. Each of the involved parties (the robot, the PwD, the guardian) can be modeled through the SCE methods such as user stories and value stories, which allows us to a well-rounded description of a stakeholder and their goals.
7 7  
8 -* Why do we use Socio-Cognitive Engineering? What are its aspect/perks and why is that applicable in our case?
9 -* "How can the technology be designed such that the human is able to work with the technology?" - xwiki
10 +In the computer science field creating functions (or requirements) as part of the design process is very common. Computer science also knows many different code development strategies. This field requires the developers to critically think about not only what technological features are possible but also which ones are necessary and useful. It gives us a better perspective of the technological side of the problem.
11 +The fields of cognitive science and human-robot interaction help us understand how certain robot and human behaviour is interpreted by users and how those interpretations can be used that to achieve a certain goal. It would for example be beneficial to develop a technology that seems trustworthy by having it mimic human behaviour [4] [5]. These fields help us utilize human reactions in order to create a better solution to our problem.
12 +As is clear now, multiple sciences are necessary for providing a clear perspective on the possible solutions to our problem. Socio-Cognitive Engineering allows us to combine the methods found in those fields into an interdisciplinary process of development.
10 10  
11 -**More explanation:**
12 -
13 -//SCE//
14 -
15 -* It provides a structure to work in (see the foundation, specification, evaluation image).
16 -* It considers multiple stakeholders and their values.
17 -* It uses user stories and value stories.
18 -* It is incremental and iterative. (**Cyclic Process of Progression: **Source: after Carroll (2002), Figure 3.1, p. 68.)
19 -* It uses ontologies and design patterns.
20 -* It uses personas and problem scenarios, and scenario-based design.
21 -* It uses use cases, functions, effects, and claims in the specification
22 -* It is: (source Week 3.2b - SCEmodule2b_ScenarioBasedDesign2024 slide 4)
23 -** Iterative incremental process
24 -*** Quick start
25 -*** Focused refinement of core functions and design rationale
26 -*** Coherent specification
27 -** Theory and empirical driven
28 -** Combined operational (domain), human factors and technology perspective
29 -** Stakeholder involvement in design and test activities
30 -** Producing re-usable design specifications and implementations
31 -
32 -//HYBRID INTELLIGENCE GROWS BY...//
33 -
34 -* Integrating technology into the situated practice via co-design by joint task performance and co-learning:
35 -** Common situated objectives
36 -** Value-sensitive agreements
37 -** Shared knowledge base & experiences
38 -** Mutual uptake & learning by explanation & feedback
39 -* and is grounded by
40 -** Ontologies of the partnership
41 -** Collaboration patterns
42 -** Value models
43 -
44 -//What is Human Centred design?//
45 -
46 -* Usability
47 -** extent to which a system, product or service can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction in a specified context of use
48 -* Effectiveness
49 -** accuracy and completeness with which users achieve specified goals
50 -* Efficiency
51 -** resources expended in relation to the accuracy and completeness with which users achieve goals
52 -* Satisfaction
53 -** freedom from discomfort and positive attitudes towards the use of the product
54 -* Context of use
55 -** users, tasks, equipment (hardware, software and materials), and the physical and social environments in which a product is used
56 -* User experience
57 -** person's perceptions and responses resulting from the use and/or anticipated use of a product, system or service
58 -* Stakeholder
59 -** individual or organization having a right, share, claim or interest in a system or in its possession of characteristics that meet their needs and expectations
60 -
61 -
62 -
63 63  = **//References//** =
64 64  
65 65  [1] Week 3.1a slide 27.
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66 66  
67 67  [2] Han, A., Radel, J., McDowd, J. M., & Sabata, D. (2016). Perspectives of people with dementia about meaningful activities: a synthesis. American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias, 31(2), 115-123)
68 68  
20 +[3] Sharples, Mike. (2006). Socio-cognitive Engineering. Encyclopedia of Human Computer Interaction. 10.4018/978-1-59140-562-7.ch080.
21 +
22 +[4] Fiorini, L. Advancement on Human-Robot Interaction: Perception, Cognitive Architecture and Field Tests. //Int J of Soc Robotics// **15**, 369–370 (2023). [[https:~~/~~/doi.org/10.1007/s12369-022-00953-3>>https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-022-00953-3]]
23 +
24 +[5] Shimada, Michihiro & Yamauchi, Kazunori & Ishiguro, Hiroshi & Itakura, Shoji. (2008). Studying the Influence of the Chameleon Effect on Humans using an Android. 767-772. 10.1109/IROS.2008.4650853.
25 +
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XWiki.XWikiComments[0]
Author
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1 +xwiki:XWiki.MarkNeerincx
Comment
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1 +Maybe you can add something on the integration of disciplines and distributed R&D activities?
Date
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1 +2024-03-18 15:53:47.866