Skip to Content

Wiki source code of Motivation and Dementia

Version 5.70 by Hugo van Dijk on 2023/03/10 12:55
Show last authors
1 Potential research topic:
2
3 The effect of goal-based and emotion-based explanation in prompting PwD for physical activity.
4 \\[[https:~~/~~/journals.lww.com/topicsingeriatricrehabilitation/_layouts/15/oaks.journals/downloadpdf.aspx?an=00013614-200504000-00006>>https://journals.lww.com/topicsingeriatricrehabilitation/_layouts/15/oaks.journals/downloadpdf.aspx?an=00013614-200504000-00006]]
5
6
7 "Lack of motivation, or apathy, and lack of interest in activities affect over 70% of persons with dementia."
8 \\For example, Mayers and Griffin24 utilized mechanical toys to stimulate activity in patients with dementia. Le Bar et al25 demonstrated that emotion-based pictures increased interest and activity in persons with earlystage Alzheimer’s disease. Hoffmann et al26 used computer programs with personally relevant activities and personal photographs to improve motivation and positive attitude in persons with Alzheimer’s disease. They demonstrated improved social competence in persons with early dementia and improved orientation in persons with moderate dementia.
9
10
11 [[Emotional curiosity: modulation of visuospatial attention by arousal is preserved in aging and early-stage Alzheimer’s disease>>https://pdf.sciencedirectassets.com/271070/1-s2.0-S0028393200X00735/1-s2.0-S0028393200000774/main.pdf?X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEOX%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaCXVzLWVhc3QtMSJHMEUCIGrc1l5Lkh6HuLl0nquwKTyR%2F7iCvpc%2Fx8LyMG0GgxulAiEAiBewfDF73CVUzuSWo8BMOFm6YjGCWVyyCFALFdFiSkYqugUIjv%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FARAFGgwwNTkwMDM1NDY4NjUiDBVrXVi73u0ifQUHXiqOBbhJ9isG7GxC6CVZp8rwd%2BBf1FVC8jU5B%2BSWUTIu%2FwXma15mCaVSH45loPATtkJ8A1xJLuBtF9ki%2B61BKrNI5n9laHP%2Bbztm8W4TpHxiL4Wrgf6GJv5l5QI5zaOK4KBNp2mYN%2BSjVVxsodFhaYiLYnREy04I%2FmGh%2FA%2BlkvNHHgQaWuU18F46Nz5RWjf9ZaM%2B2j4QjmzMT0YKF%2Bhmt0cWO5I8GWEAwQ7vMaZGYEK5lw%2BfX79F%2Bj2th4C%2FgczckKPXI5NlLyAt7C7J4bKp29tr91NrS81ELifbxEgrUP6N%2BcwRiYP1RV0pW6MXbYHhRyq3AsEzurABajvOvjNlQcCR7lt5d%2B6C4h%2BQ75VDB1CQJPHoUu5w5sSNOXj%2FK6wL74qLmnb2MKy1Cm2pFA2o9ltlFWLBEVPEk7VKbHE40SsdW7s1opTKfXsxYdpEh6rF9JR0zl3%2FRl2vJpHZMRU0IFXK1fTD54WwlKmg34%2F9VqeVrep66Pc20qpbL5v7bzZyRaZJZhHgcYkM3dTFLFKEuNrAhNJDXTpiA4b0tm5zbxUVz0mpfRR9qmvHSZTY0%2BP6nKCWamyepVh%2B7G3tRRCjmkIWMnA6uPfiEyNrf%2BXqn2TWkDqq0XToMH%2Fa412gkY1Mje2%2F39a%2FyMJ7fgMGaqnOTl%2FMIGfv3emR6Mqpv6jbvlYfmIlTXL5%2FUz0WGBlBOe3JNnmBf8Tm8zK7XXUukkVhsHcpkctLp3llywKny31LT%2F9weaesEiJOvNFP4TUEW%2BQXeFEY%2BIg3dlNsQYSUuVLYhGFNFUckouSrOp7tkBk95uRxItLXQvKSgZ87kkZtIZMZty6I2c0T7oqpL2%2BoxBxQx8rSvRHfBxohQKArT%2B0%2F1MtcQTCAkP2fBjqxAVMK6NpVeZs7%2Fxy6xv%2Br9JB5P6WoC3B2VS%2FlcXS30V0GgswOenf6%2B8rkc1Hp58CYYkKn6jXCazDVCteaGGaPcrVtExNpNW11EAnnOvr8aRrf%2BBGIDeTtaOq0%2FhessKdAp93mj%2FD4p95i4EwLEswX%2B14nD8%2F4ysuwT4kCaOWJZflyfjNvSxRGah8oN7Ejyt7CJRtEdPmy0TzW80TdMjoS0xOS%2FCy%2F9hApLaYiQByaLdsqrQ%3D%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20230301T134852Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAQ3PHCVTY24KK35BR%2F20230301%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=8981824129458c51468763a5373d2c5989f70dcbfcf509207dc68981bc8974ea&hash=65f9667a534f01d1f67df669375d84e24a18744f87104ab7cc92a4d1cafa3f09&host=68042c943591013ac2b2430a89b270f6af2c76d8dfd086a07176afe7c76c2c61&pii=S0028393200000774&tid=spdf-5daff2a9-6239-4056-a548-33092443c525&sid=ed5fe6e48d789049192a9d8-5c65bab7a5c0gxrqb&type=client&tsoh=d3d3LXNjaWVuY2VkaXJlY3QtY29tLnR1ZGVsZnQuaWRtLm9jbGMub3Jn&ua=080958045f5301025406&rr=7a11dc2bfd0f1eca&cc=nl]]
12 Although attention to color may play a role in conveying the emotional impact of a scene (e.g. images containing blood), color information alone was insufficient to drive and sustain visual scanning patterns on the task when the stimuli were blurred. These findings support the idea that extraction of the emotional content of the scene, rather than mere attention to lower-level visual features, is of primary relevance to task performance. 
13 \\Showing a visual emotional stimulus results in the subject performing some pre-conscious and non-visible mental actions and results in them moving their eyes to the stimulus.
14 \\In contrast to these deficits, the present study suggests that visual orientation and sustained attention to emotionally-salient information may remain intact, at least in the early stages of the disease.
15
16
17 [[https:~~/~~/nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb34427.x>>https://nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb34427.x]]
18
19 the patients experienced the occupation with familiar issues as motivating and emotionally rewarding.
20
21
22 Thus we hope to have emphasized the issue of this training approach, which is to train tasks that are of relevance to the patient's personality and self-esteem and relate to everyday activities and quality of living. The aim is to stimulate the patient mentally, to improve self-conception and selfconfidence via feelings of success, in order to help to preserve personal autonomy and a feeling of personal identity as long as possible.
23
24
25 [[https:~~/~~/onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1467-9450.1990.tb00796.x>>https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1467-9450.1990.tb00796.x]]
26
27 Prompting PwD for activities increases their trained activities. Reinforcement doesn't have significant effect.
28
29
30 **"The concept of motivation" by R. S. Peters**
31
32
33 According to Newcomb (1950) says that "an organism is motivated when and only when it is characterized both by a state of drive and by a direction of behaviour towards some goal which is selected in preference to all other possible goals. Motive, then, is a concept which joins together drive and goal."
34
35 According to Peters, the drive for tasks cannot be identified, while the goal can.
36
37 Drive is related to emotion, goal is just goal.
38
39
40 Peters says that typically, a motive is used when the behaviour is different from an established routine (paraphrase still).
41
42
43 McClelland states that a motive describes a desired end situation. This can be both concerned with an objective or subjective goal. "The boy wants to do a good job" is a valid motive as it describes an end goal.
44
45 Types of explanations for actions
46
47 1. 'His reason' explanations: This concept refers to explanations of behavior or motivation that are based on the subjective reasons given by the individual who is engaging in the behavior or experiencing the motivation. Peters argues that it is important to take into account the reasons that people give for their behavior, as these can help us understand their underlying values and goals. For example, if someone says they are motivated to study because they want to understand a particular subject better, this is a 'his reason' explanation.
48 1. 'The reason' explanations: This concept refers to explanations of behavior or motivation that are based on objective reasons or causes that can be identified by an outside observer. Peters argues that while 'his reason' explanations are important, they may not always be accurate or fully informative, and so it is also important to consider more objective explanations. For example, if someone is motivated to study because they want to get a good grade, this is a 'the reason' explanation.
49 1. Causal explanations: This concept refers to explanations of behavior or motivation that focus on identifying the causes or factors that bring about the behavior or motivation. Causal explanations can help us understand why people behave in certain ways and what factors influence their motivation. For example, if someone is motivated to study because they are afraid of failing a test, this is a causal explanation.
50 1. End-state explanations: This concept refers to explanations of behavior or motivation that focus on the ultimate goal or end-state that the individual is trying to achieve. End-state explanations can help us understand the underlying values and priorities of the individual. For example, if someone is motivated to study because they want to become a doctor, this is an end-state explanation.
51
52
53