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Last modified by Valentijn van de Beek on 2023/04/10 00:11
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10 10  M. R. Lima et al., "Conversational Affective Social Robots for Ageing and Dementia Support," in IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 1378-1397, Dec. 2022, doi: 10.1109/TCDS.2021.3115228.
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12 +One of the earliest stages of dementia is Mild Cognitive Impairment which mildly impairs someone's memory, thinking and functioning. Cognitive games can be an effective strategy to mitigate the effect of MCI. This includes working memory, reasoning, attention, functioning, reduced anxiety and reduced depression. Robot interfaces are particular potent interface for such games. This study focuses on getting feedback from elderly and caretakers about cognitive games on robot interfaces. 10 participants perform a cognitive exercise on a robot after which they performed a questionnaire about the perceived enjoyment and difficulty of the game. Finally this was supplemented by two experts giving their opinion of the game. Games where typically seen as easy to moderate with relatively high satisisfaction, but feeling where mixed on whether they would like to do it again. Accent and word choice where also downsides. Finally, participants found the game boring and repetitive. Experts considered the concept of the game beneficial to people with MCI, but saw problems in accessibility and the relative complexity. Suggestions include making it easier to us by using selection rather than dragging. Including negative reinforcement caused the robot to sound patronizing and taunting. 
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13 -\\\\\\Mikaela Law, Ho Seok Ahn, Bruce MacDonald, Dina-Sara Vasjakovic, JongYoon Lim, Min Ho Lee, Craig Sutherland, Kathy Peri, Ngaire Kerse, and Elizabeth Broadbent. 2019. User Testing of Cognitive Training Games for People with Mild Cognitive Impairment: Design Implications. In Social Robotics: 11th International Conference, ICSR 2019, Madrid, Spain, November 26–29, 2019, Proceedings. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 464–473. https:~/~/doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35888-4_43
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15 +Researchers noticed that participants struggled with understanding the instructions. The biggest issue with accessibility is touch screen sensitivity and finger pressure. 
16 +Mikaela Law, Ho Seok Ahn, Bruce MacDonald, Dina-Sara Vasjakovic, JongYoon Lim, Min Ho Lee, Craig Sutherland, Kathy Peri, Ngaire Kerse, and Elizabeth Broadbent. 2019. User Testing of Cognitive Training Games for People with Mild Cognitive Impairment: Design Implications. In Social Robotics: 11th International Conference, ICSR 2019, Madrid, Spain, November 26–29, 2019, Proceedings. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 464–473. https:~/~/doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35888-4_43
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15 15  One of the primary problems in care homes is the feeling in lonely in elderly. Social interaction is an important method to reduce loneliness, but is hard to achieve in care homes. Animal robots have shown promise in this area, however lack the depth of real conversation. On the other hand, for that level of Human-Robot Interaction much more complicated natural language processing, text-to-speech and dialogue management technologies must be created than the current state of the art. Robots should not replace human care, however and instead augment it.
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17 17  This study measures the attitude of young and old people towards the Nao social robot. It had 65 Dutch participants of which 24 where seniors and 28 students.  The goal of the robot interactions was to increase interaction of participants between each other, this is done by the robot introducing a puzzle and only further engaging if they asked for a hint or repeat the riddle.