Changes for page Humanoid Robot

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1		-XWiki.roltmans
	1	+XWiki.AndreiStefan

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1	1	= Advantages of humanoid robots =
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3		-Humanoid robots have various advantages when used for interacting with patients suffering from major neurocognitive disorder. Patients are more engaged when using a humanoid robot and it has more influence on their actions [2]. Furthermore, human-like robots improve the quality of life of patients [1] more than without a human-like embodyment [3]. Physical robots also enable the use of non-verbal communication which can give hints about the action the patient needs to perform [4].
	3	+Humanoid robots have various advantages when used for interacting with patients suffering from major neurocognitive disorders. First of all, patients are likely to become more engaged and act more positively in the interaction with a human-like robot compared to robots without physical embodiment [1,2,3]. Besides, the quality of life of patients has also been proved to improve with the application of humanoid robots helping with daily issues. Furthermore, physical robots can implement non-verbal cues such as movement detection, hand gesture recognition, etc. which can also help give hints on the actions that patients need to take [4].
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5		-To gain the advantages of humanoid robots, the robot needs to be easy to operate and must be accepted as part of the home environment [1]. NAO satisfies these requirements as it is small, easy to operate and child-like and therefore fits into a home environment. However, research also shows that cognitive decline is not prevented by frequent interaction with NAO for patients suffering from advanced dementia [3]. Nevertheless, our application of NAO might change that.
	5	+To gain those advantages, a humanoid robot needs to be easy to operate and must be accepted as part of the home environment [1]. Being small enough to fit into a home environment, easy to use, and child-like shaped, NAO satisfies all these requirements. However, research has also shown that cognitive decline is not prevented by frequent interactions with NAO for patients suffering from advanced dementia [3], on which our team will work to seek improvement.
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7	7	= Use of NAO =
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9		-The robot will be used to remind patients with dementia about their schedule with the use of music, improving their cognition. This is done by playing personalized music at the correct time of day, which can be adapted for some tasks which are not time sensitive to only be played when detecting movement. When the patient does remember the meaning of a particular song, they are able to interact with the robot by asking him about it. Furthermore, the robot can replay the song, after a certain time interval, when the user has not denoted finishing the activity. Patients can denote finishing an activity by making an ok-sign at the robot. When this is not done a caregiver or loved one can be automatically contacted.
	9	+The robot will be used to remind patients with dementia of their schedule with music, improving their cognition. This is done by playing personalized music at the correct time of day. Some of the music that corresponds with activities not sensitive to time can be adjusted to be played when movement is detected only. When the patient does not remember the meaning of a particular piece of music, he/she is able to interact with the robot by asking. Moreover, patients can denote finishing an activity by making an ok-sign at the robot. If the patient has not confirmed finishing the activity after a certain time interval, the robot can replay the music to remind again. When confirmation is not done after several tries, a caregiver or loved one will be automatically contacted to check the patient's condition.
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11		-The robot will also be able to improve the memory of patients by playing a quiz. The quiz will be instigated by the robot maximum once randomly during the day or be instigated by the user when wanted. The robot will instigate it by asking the patient which can decline or accept to play. The quiz consists of the robot playing parts of the personalized songs and the user needing to say the correct activity corresponding to that song. The robot may help the patient remember the activity by giving verbal or non-verbal hints.
	11	+The robot can help improve the memory of patients by playing quizzes. The quiz will be instigated by the robot maximum once randomly during the day or be instigated by the user when wanted, which the patient can also choose not to play. The quiz mainly consists of part of the personalized music and the patient needs to say the activities in correspondence correctly to pass the quiz. The robot may help the patient remember the activity by giving verbal or non-verbal hints.
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13		-=citations=
	13	+= Citations =
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14	14	[1] McTear, M. F., Callejas, Z., & Griol, D. (2016). The conversational interface (Vol. 6, No. 94, p. 296). Cham: Springer.
15	15	[2] Powers, A., Kiesler, S., Fussell, S., & Torrey, C. (2007). Comparing a Computer Agent with a Humanoid Robot. Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, 145–152. Presented at the Arlington, Virginia, USA. doi:10.1145/1228716.1228736
16	16	[3] Valentí Soler, M., Agüera-Ortiz, L., Olazarán Rodríguez, J., Mendoza Rebolledo, C., Pérez Muñoz, A., Rodríguez Pérez, I., … Martínez Martín, P. (2015). Social robots in advanced dementia. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 7. doi:10.3389/fnagi.2015.00133
17	17	[4] Han, J., Campbell, N., Jokinen, K., & Wilcock, G. (12 2012). Investigating the use of Non-verbal Cues in Human-Robot Interaction with a Nao robot. 679–683. doi:10.1109/CogInfoCom.2012.6421937
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