Wiki source code of Environments
Version 3.2 by Rohan Sobha on 2022/02/09 12:44
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| 1 | |||
| 2 | == PACT Analysis == | ||
| 3 | |||
| 4 | === People === | ||
| 5 | The target audience is people with dementia. Dementia comes in multiple stages: [[src>>https://www.dementiacarecentral.com/aboutdementia/facts/stages/]] | ||
| 6 | |||
| 7 | * Pre-dementia: Some subtle signs appear | ||
| 8 | * Early dementia: Starts becoming noticeable for others | ||
| 9 | * Middle dementia: Situation worsens as barely any new information is being registered in memory. | ||
| 10 | * Late: Continuous assistance is necessary as patients may wander off or fall down due to lack of orientation and/or coordination. | ||
| 11 | |||
| 12 | Besides symptoms of dementia, other characteristics of the elderly should be considered when designing the systems, including but not limited to: | ||
| 13 | |||
| 14 | * Impaired vision | ||
| 15 | * Impaired hearing | ||
| 16 | * Cognitive inability to comprehend new technology | ||
| 17 | * Lack of prior basic knowledge to engage with technology | ||
| 18 | * Motor issues including speech impediments | ||
| 19 | |||
| 20 | === Activities === | ||
| 21 | These activities can help slow down progression or alleviate symptoms of dementia: [[Wikipedia>>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dementia#Psychological_and_psychosocial_therapies]], [[ReJAM>>https://rejam.tudelft.nl/?q=node/4]] | ||
| 22 | * Reminiscence therapy: therapy that triggers the recall of memories | ||
| 23 | * Animal-assisted therapy: to provide patients with a primal familiar feeling and helps them connect with nature [[Perspectives of People with Dementia>>https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1533317515598857]] | ||
| 24 | * Music and Exercise: they serve multiple goals such as increasing physical activity and cognitive stimulation among others. | ||
| 25 | |||
| 26 | === Contexts === | ||
| 27 | People with dementia can have residence in a care center or their own home. | ||
| 28 | ====Care Center==== | ||
| 29 | Residents of a care center conduct their activities in both an **individual setting** as well as in a **group setting**. Different settings come with their own challenges. | ||
| 30 | * Individual setting: there is no direct supervision, so it may take a while for a caretaker to reach the patient. However, whenever a caretaker is present, the patient usually gets their full deserved attention. | ||
| 31 | * Group setting: there is direct supervision at all times, but if an accident occurs involving a patient from the group who needs immediate attention and urgent care, this leaves the rest of the group hanging which diminishes the effectiveness. | ||
| 32 | ====Own home==== | ||
| 33 | Patients with dementia who reside in their own home are usually in one of three settings: | ||
| 34 | |||
| 35 | 1. Family (living with children and/or spouse) possibly having a health worker coming once or twice a week | ||
| 36 | 2. Sole with nearby assistance | ||
| 37 | 3. Sole with no assistance | ||
| 38 | |||
| 39 | Patients in the earlier stages of dementia tend to go about their day and try to hide their symptoms from their loved ones. If a loved one finds out, they may not seek help for them out of being afraid of the stigma that comes with dementia. This occurs more often in a family situation than in situations where the patient is alone. In the second situation, the patient may have access to a nurse on call, but stigma, cognitive capability of s | ||
| 40 | * Nurse may be on call | ||
| 41 | * Loneliness | ||
| 42 | |||
| 43 | === Technologies === | ||
| 44 | Input: | ||
| 45 | * Button press and verbal may be hard | ||
| 46 | * More implicit input, technology reacts | ||
| 47 | Output: | ||
| 48 | * Difficulty with text and audio | ||
| 49 | * Changes in the environment, e.g. a robot |