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Last modified by Tim Huisman on 2022/04/05 09:13
From version Icon 4.2 Icon
edited by Ricardo Vogel
on 2022/02/11 11:53
Change comment: Added comment
To version Icon 4.4 Icon
edited by Rohan Sobha
on 2022/02/12 12:58
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

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Author
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1 -XWiki.ricardovogel
1 +XWiki.rsobha
Content
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1 -
2 2  == PACT Analysis ==
3 3  
4 4  === People ===
4 +
5 5  The target audience is people with dementia. Dementia comes in multiple stages: [[src>>https://www.dementiacarecentral.com/aboutdementia/facts/stages/]]
6 6  
7 7  * Pre-dementia: Some subtle signs appear
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18 18  * Motor issues including speech impediments
19 19  
20 20  === Activities ===
21 +
21 21  These activities can help slow down progression or alleviate symptoms of dementia: [[Wikipedia>>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dementia#Psychological_and_psychosocial_therapies]], [[ReJAM>>https://rejam.tudelft.nl/?q=node/4]]
23 +
22 22  * Reminiscence therapy: therapy that triggers the recall of memories
23 23  * Animal-assisted therapy: to provide patients with a primal familiar feeling and helps them connect with nature [[Perspectives of People with Dementia>>https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1533317515598857]]
24 24  * Music and Exercise: they serve multiple goals such as increasing physical activity and cognitive stimulation among others.
25 25  
26 26  === Contexts ===
29 +
27 27  People with dementia can have residence in a care center or their own home.
28 -====Care Center====
31 +
32 +==== Care Center ====
33 +
29 29  Residents of a care center conduct their activities in both an **individual setting** as well as in a **group setting**. Different settings come with their own challenges.
35 +
30 30  * Individual setting: there is no direct supervision, so it may take a while for a caretaker to reach the patient. However, whenever a caretaker is present, the patient usually gets their full deserved attention.
31 31  * Group setting: there is direct supervision at all times, but if an accident occurs involving a patient from the group who needs immediate attention and urgent care, this leaves the rest of the group hanging which diminishes the effectiveness.
32 -====Own home====
38 +
39 +==== Own home ====
40 +
33 33  Patients with dementia who reside in their own home are usually in one of three settings:
34 34  
35 35  1. Family (living with children and/or spouse) possibly having a health worker coming once or twice a week
36 -2. Sole with nearby assistance
37 -3. Sole with no assistance
44 +1. Sole with nearby assistance
45 +1. Sole with no assistance
38 38  
39 39  Patients in the earlier stages of dementia tend to go about their day and try to hide their symptoms from their loved ones. If a loved one finds out, they may not seek help for them out of being afraid of the stigma that comes with dementia. This occurs more often in a family situation than in situations where the patient is alone. In the second situation, the patient may have access to a nurse on call, but stigma, cognitive capability of seeking help and the limited availability of nurses makes the care insufficient for these patients in the earlier phases of dementia. This elevates their feeling of lonliness. In later phases, they are more keen to seek help as they will prompt nurses to show up to feel less lonely.
40 40  
41 41  === Technologies ===
50 +
42 42  Presently, there is supporting technology available, but the patients may experience difficulty regarding providing input and processing output from the devices that embed this technology.
43 -====Input====
52 +
53 +==== Input ====
54 +
44 44  Pressing buttons, touching screens or vocalizing one's desire to engage with supporting technology is difficult as it requires a significant amount of patience from loved ones and healthcare workers alike and sometimes even impossible. In cases this is possible, the reduced recall from short-term memory and reduced digital literacy of these patients can cause the device to respond to unintentional implicit inputs.
45 -====Output====
56 +
57 +==== Output ====
58 +
46 46  Patients often experience hardships processing text and audio output from the supporting devices. In addition, changes to the environment like the introduction of a robot provoke feelings of strong unease and unfamiliarity.
Icon XWiki.XWikiComments[1]
Author
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1 +XWiki.rsobha
Comment
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1 +Yes, I wholeheartedly agree. We should develop this supportive technology in favor of preventative care rather than overwhelm patients who need to be attended to 24/7 anyway. I foresee that the supportive technology could inhibit the development of worsening symptoms. Hence, we should target the group who is in the early stage as prospective patients tend not to seek help in the onset stage (Pre-dementia). So, the assumption is that the patients have accepted the fact that they are suffering from dementia and therefore willing to try novel forms of treatment.
Date
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1 +2022-02-12 12:54:38.581
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